It is the International Scientific Review of the Ethical Packaging Charter Foundation. A bimonthly publication in which 7 multidisciplinary articles are presented, relating to packaging, selected by several magazines of the digital science world.
In this number:
Interaction of carbon, titanium and boron in microalloyed steels and its effect on hot ductility.
Variable contents of carbon, titanium and boron of 0.30% by weight of Si, 2.0% by weight of Mn, 0.006% by weight of S, 0.03% by weight have been used in the composition of the base steel of Nb and 30–35 ppm of N. Hot ductility tests were performed with Gleeble -3800, after the steel sample was melted in situ, solidified and cooled to the test temperature. The investigation was completed with thermodynamic and kinetic simulations. The best results were obtained for steels containing 58–100 ppm B and 35 ppm Ti. They showed excellent hot ductility of 80-50% RA in the temperature range of 1250 ° C to 800 ° C.
https://www.mdpi.com/2674-063X/1/2/9
Methodology for the determination of phthalate residues by vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and GC-IT / MS in hot beverage samples using automatic dispensers.
In this study, a simple, fast and effective methodology was developed for the detection and quantification of seven phthalates potentially released in hot drinks from disposable containers used in vending machines. The authors determined the optimal conditions to apply during the various steps of extracting seven phthalates (DMP, DEP, DBP, DiBP, DEHP, DNOP and DDP) from hot beverages using a model solution. The extraction and preconcentration technique used was the ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UVA-DLLME) followed by gas chromatographic analyzes obtaining recoveries from 66.7% to 101.2% with precision and reproducibility respectively <6.3 % and <11.1%.
https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4532/3/2/15
The modernity of ancient pigments: a historical approach.
Before discussing the individual materials in this document, we should first establish some definitions of terms. Depending on the method of application, all materials used to color other objects are classified as pigments or dyes. A typical dye must be dissolved in a medium, usually water, in which the item to be dyed is immersed. The dye is applied to the article via a physical or chemical interaction. Dyes usually classified as dyes can also be used as pigments, but cannot be applied directly to surfaces with normal binders, with a few exceptions.
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6447/1/3/19/htm
Modification of polymeric substrates with biobased functional compounds.
Synthetic polymers and biodegradable and biobased polymers are currently the largest class of materials studied and used for various applications thanks to their unique and peculiar properties. For artifacts made with non-biodegradable polymers, effective end-of-life management through mechanical and chemical recycling is essential for their future consumption, especially in the case of short-lived products that generate large volumes of waste. For biodegradable polymers, often obtained from renewable sources, the additional opportunity for organic recycling through composting or anaerobic digestion for the end of the life cycle of these products is a very beneficial element that is well suited to the principles of the circular economy. This can be particularly beneficial for popular products such as packaging, personal care, cosmetics and healthcare products which could be gradually replaced with renewable and biodegradable materials.
https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6918/2/3/16/htm
Research progress regarding the use of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles as lubricating additives.
Lubricating oil can effectively reduce the friction between mechanical parts, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving durability and reliability. Due to the development of science and technology, it is necessary to improve the performance of the lubricating oil to meet the higher tribological requirements to counteract wear and provide lubrication. Nanolubricant additives have the four lubrication mechanisms of micro-bearings, protective films, polishing and repair effects. A nanolubricant additive can often demonstrate a variety of lubrication mechanisms at the same time. As lubricating additives, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have exceptional effects that improve the tribological properties of the lubricating oil and have been extensively studied in the field of tribology. This paper introduces the lubrication mechanism of nanoadditives and the latest research results for additives for the lubrication of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles.
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/10/8/196
Recycling of glass waste into porous microspheres for wastewater treatment applications: effectiveness of dye removal.
Approximately 7.6 million tonnes of waste glass are landfilled annually without recycling, recovery or upcycling. Here we have developed a solvent-free upcycling method for recycled glass (RG) waste by regenerating it into porous recycled glass (PRGM) microspheres in order to explore the removal of organic pollutants such as organic dyes. The PRGMs were prepared by flame spheroidization process and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) analysis. . The PRGMs showed a porosity of 69% with an overall pore volume and pore area of 0.84 cm3 / g and 8.6 cm2 / g, respectively (from MIP) and a surface area of 8 m2 / g.
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/12/7189
Prohibition against taxation, review of the potential opportunities and challenges of plastic products.
Plastic products are used for a variety of services and are then dumped into the earth after use. These discharged plastics affect our health, socio-economic conditions, the coastal and marine environment, as well as our climate. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the potential opportunities and challenges of plastic products under the aegis of prohibition and taxation. The discourse analysis approach was used in this study to critically analyze and summarize 42 relevant studies. The study developed two different avenues. The first way (S1) uses the taxation of plastic products as an alternative strategy. The second way (S2) uses the ban on plastic products as the opposite alternative strategy.
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/12/7189
